The possibility of contact hypersensitivity among etiologies of oral mucosal diseases was studied. Epicutaneous patch test was performed in 34 patients with oral lichen planus(OLP), 28 patients with burning mouth syndrome(BMS), 29 patients with recurrent aphthous ulceration(RAU) and 40 subjects without oral mucosal diseases. The aim of present study was to investigate the frequency of positive patch test reaction to dental materials in 131 subjects and to find dental materials showing high frequency of positive patch test reaction.
The obtained results were as follows :
1. The number of lesions in contact with restorations was significantly larger in OLP, BMS group than RAU group(p<0.01).
2. The number of patients showing positive patch test reactions was significantly larger in OLP, BMS, RAU group than control group(p<0.05). But there were no significances among three patient groups(p<0.05).
3. Dental materials causing positive reaction to patch test were mainly as follows : cobalt chloride(32%), potassium dichromate(25%), nickel sulfate(22%), goldsodiumthiosulfate(21%) and mercury(10%) in three patient groups, cobalt chloride(15%) and mercury(7.5%) in control group.
4. The frequency of the positive reaction to potassium dichromate and goldsodiumthiosulfate was significantly higher in three patient groups than control group(p<0.05). The frequency of the positive reaction to nickel sulfate was significantly higher in BMS group than OLP, RAU and control group(p<0.05).
5. In OLP group, the group of negative patch test reaction showed significantly more favorable response to routine treatment than group of positive patch test reaction(p<0.05).
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